What is an "application" in the context of computing?

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In computing, the term "application" refers specifically to a program or software that is designed to carry out specific tasks for users. This can range from more general-purpose applications like word processors and web browsers to specialized software used for particular industries or functions, such as database systems or graphic design tools. The phrase "practical use and expected outcome" emphasizes that applications are created with the intention of solving user problems or fulfilling specific needs.

Applications run on computer systems and can utilize hardware features and system resources to deliver functionality that assists users in achieving their objectives, whether that involves editing text, managing spreadsheets, or browsing the internet. This definition encapsulates a fundamental aspect of software in computing, distinguishing it from other components like hardware, network protocols, or data storage devices, which serve different roles in the overall technology ecosystem.