What is the primary function of an operating system?

The primary function of an operating system is to manage hardware resources. An operating system serves as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware, ensuring that different programs and users can operate simultaneously without conflict. It handles various essential tasks such as managing memory, processing, storage, and peripheral devices.

For instance, the operating system allocates CPU time to various processes, handles input and output operations, and manages file systems. By efficiently managing these resources, the operating system ensures that applications run smoothly, and users can effectively interact with the computer system.

While the options of providing internet access, data storage, and virus protection are important aspects of computing, they are typically secondary functions or features that build on the foundational role of hardware resource management. For example, internet access requires the operating system to manage network hardware, data storage encompasses file system management, and virus protection is part of overall security measures that rely on proper resource management. Thus, the core responsibility of the operating system remains centered on managing hardware resources.